黨建群團
/ PARTY BUILDING
【監察法釋義(15)】監察對象范圍
- 分(fen)類:黨紀法規
- 作者:
- 來(lai)源(yuan):中央紀委國家監委網站
- 發布時間(jian):2018-05-03 00:00
- 訪(fang)問量:
【概(gai)要描述】
第十五條 監察機關對下列公職人員和有關人員進行監察:
(一)中國共產黨機關、人(ren)(ren)民(min)代表大會及其常務委員(yuan)(yuan)會機關、人(ren)(ren)民(min)政府、監(jian)察(cha)委員(yuan)(yuan)會、人(ren)(ren)民(min)法(fa)(fa)院(yuan)、人(ren)(ren)民(min)檢察(cha)院(yuan)、中國人(ren)(ren)民(min)政治協商(shang)會議各級(ji)委員(yuan)(yuan)會機關、民(min)主黨派機關和工(gong)商(shang)業(ye)聯合會機關的公務員(yuan)(yuan),以及參照《中華人(ren)(ren)民(min)共和國公務員(yuan)(yuan)法(fa)(fa)》管(guan)理的人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan);
(二)法律、法規授(shou)權(quan)或(huo)者(zhe)受國家機關依法委(wei)托管理公共(gong)事務的(de)組織中從事公務的(de)人員(yuan);
(三)國有企業管(guan)理人(ren)員;
(四(si))公(gong)辦的教育、科研、文化(hua)、醫療衛(wei)生(sheng)、體育等(deng)單位中從事管理的人員;
(五(wu))基(ji)層(ceng)群眾性自治組織(zhi)中從事管(guan)理(li)的人(ren)員;
(六(liu))其他依法履行公職的人員(yuan)。
本條是關于監察對象范圍的規定。
規定本條的(de)(de)主要目的(de)(de)是(shi)用法律的(de)(de)形(xing)式把國家監(jian)察對所有(you)行(xing)使(shi)公權(quan)力公職人員的(de)(de)全覆蓋固定下來。
黨的(de)(de)(de)十八屆四中(zhong)全(quan)(quan)會通(tong)過(guo)的(de)(de)(de)《中(zhong)共中(zhong)央關于全(quan)(quan)面(mian)推進依法(fa)治國若(ruo)干重大問題的(de)(de)(de)決定(ding)(ding)》提(ti)出(chu),必(bi)須以規(gui)(gui)范和約束(shu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)權(quan)力(li)(li)(li)(li)為(wei)重點,加(jia)大監(jian)督力(li)(li)(li)(li)度。我國憲法(fa)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding),中(zhong)華人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)共和國的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)切權(quan)力(li)(li)(li)(li)屬于人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)權(quan)力(li)(li)(li)(li)是(shi)(shi)國家(jia)(jia)權(quan)力(li)(li)(li)(li)或(huo)公(gong)(gong)(gong)共權(quan)力(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)總(zong)稱(cheng),是(shi)(shi)法(fa)律法(fa)規(gui)(gui)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)特(te)定(ding)(ding)主體基于維護公(gong)(gong)(gong)共利益(yi)的(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)對公(gong)(gong)(gong)共事(shi)務(wu)管理(li)行(xing)(xing)使的(de)(de)(de)強(qiang)制(zhi)(zhi)性支配力(li)(li)(li)(li)量。馬克思、恩格(ge)斯指(zhi)出(chu),一(yi)(yi)切公(gong)(gong)(gong)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)必(bi)須“在公(gong)(gong)(gong)眾(zhong)監(jian)督之(zhi)下進行(xing)(xing)工作(zuo)”,這(zhe)樣“能可(ke)靠地(di)防止人(ren)(ren)(ren)們去追(zhui)求升(sheng)官發財”和“追(zhui)求自己的(de)(de)(de)特(te)殊(shu)利益(yi)”。列寧在《國家(jia)(jia)與革(ge)命》中(zhong)指(zhi)出(chu):“對一(yi)(yi)切公(gong)(gong)(gong)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)毫無例外地(di)實行(xing)(xing)全(quan)(quan)面(mian)選舉(ju)制(zhi)(zhi)并可(ke)以隨時撤換,把他(ta)們的(de)(de)(de)薪金減低到普(pu)通(tong)‘工人(ren)(ren)(ren)工資’的(de)(de)(de)水平。”馬克思主義經典作(zuo)家(jia)(jia)都(dou)強(qiang)調(diao),公(gong)(gong)(gong)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)手中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)權(quan)力(li)(li)(li)(li)不是(shi)(shi)私有物(wu),而(er)是(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)給予的(de)(de)(de)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)責,要利用手中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)權(quan)力(li)(li)(li)(li)為(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)服務(wu),當人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)的(de)(de)(de)勤務(wu)員(yuan),都(dou)是(shi)(shi)“人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)公(gong)(gong)(gong)仆”。監(jian)察對象的(de)(de)(de)范圍(wei),是(shi)(shi)所有行(xing)(xing)使公(gong)(gong)(gong)權(quan)力(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)在國家(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)(de)經濟、政治和社會生(sheng)活(huo)中(zhong)行(xing)(xing)使公(gong)(gong)(gong)共職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)權(quan)、履行(xing)(xing)公(gong)(gong)(gong)共職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)責等。判斷一(yi)(yi)個人(ren)(ren)(ren)是(shi)(shi)不是(shi)(shi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan),關鍵看他(ta)是(shi)(shi)不是(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)使公(gong)(gong)(gong)權(quan)力(li)(li)(li)(li)、履行(xing)(xing)公(gong)(gong)(gong)務(wu),而(er)不是(shi)(shi)看他(ta)是(shi)(shi)否有公(gong)(gong)(gong)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。
以零容忍態度懲(cheng)治(zhi)腐敗(bai)是中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)共產黨(dang)(dang)(dang)鮮(xian)明的政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)立場(chang),是黨(dang)(dang)(dang)心(xin)民心(xin)所(suo)(suo)向,必須始終堅(jian)持在(zai)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)中(zhong)央統一(yi)領導下推進。當前(qian)反腐敗(bai)斗(dou)(dou)爭形勢依然嚴峻復雜,與(yu)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)風(feng)廉政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)建設和(he)(he)反腐敗(bai)斗(dou)(dou)爭的要(yao)求相比,以前(qian)行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)監(jian)(jian)(jian)察體(ti)制機制存在(zai)著(zhu)監(jian)(jian)(jian)察范圍過窄(zhai)的突出(chu)問題。國(guo)(guo)家(jia)監(jian)(jian)(jian)察體(ti)制改革之前(qian),黨(dang)(dang)(dang)內監(jian)(jian)(jian)督已經實現全覆(fu)蓋,而依照行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)監(jian)(jian)(jian)察法(fa)的規定,行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)監(jian)(jian)(jian)察對(dui)象(xiang)主要(yao)是行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)機關及其(qi)(qi)工作人員,還(huan)沒有(you)做到對(dui)所(suo)(suo)有(you)行(xing)(xing)使公(gong)權力的公(gong)職(zhi)人員全覆(fu)蓋。在(zai)我(wo)國(guo)(guo),黨(dang)(dang)(dang)管干部(bu)(bu)是堅(jian)持黨(dang)(dang)(dang)的領導的重要(yao)原則。作為執政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)黨(dang)(dang)(dang),我(wo)們(men)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)不僅管干部(bu)(bu)的培養(yang)、提拔、使用,還(huan)必須對(dui)干部(bu)(bu)進行(xing)(xing)教育、管理、監(jian)(jian)(jian)督,必須對(dui)違(wei)紀(ji)違(wei)法(fa)的干部(bu)(bu)作出(chu)處理,對(dui)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)員干部(bu)(bu)和(he)(he)其(qi)(qi)他(ta)公(gong)職(zhi)人員的腐敗(bai)行(xing)(xing)為進行(xing)(xing)查處。監(jian)(jian)(jian)察法(fa)確定的監(jian)(jian)(jian)察對(dui)象(xiang),符合我(wo)國(guo)(guo)的政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)體(ti)制和(he)(he)文(wen)化特征,體(ti)現制度的針對(dui)性和(he)(he)操作性。
本條規定了六類監察對象。
一是公務員和參公管理人員。
本條第一項規定的是(shi)公(gong)務(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和參公(gong)管理人員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),這是(shi)監察對象中的關鍵和重點。根據公(gong)務(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)法的規定,公(gong)務(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)是(shi)指依法履(lv)行(xing)公(gong)職、納入國(guo)家行(xing)政編制、由國(guo)家財政負擔(dan)工資福利的工作人員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。主要包括8類(lei):
1.中國共(gong)產黨(dang)(dang)(dang)機關公務(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)。包(bao)括:(1)中央和(he)(he)地方(fang)(fang)各(ge)級黨(dang)(dang)(dang)委、紀律(lv)檢查(cha)委員(yuan)(yuan)會的領導人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan);(2)中央和(he)(he)地方(fang)(fang)各(ge)級黨(dang)(dang)(dang)委工作部門、辦事機構和(he)(he)派(pai)出(chu)機構的工作人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan);(3)中央和(he)(he)地方(fang)(fang)各(ge)級紀律(lv)檢查(cha)委員(yuan)(yuan)會機關和(he)(he)派(pai)出(chu)機構的工作人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan);(4)街道、鄉、鎮黨(dang)(dang)(dang)委機關的工作人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)。
2.人(ren)(ren)民(min)代(dai)(dai)表大(da)(da)會及其(qi)常務委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)會機(ji)關公務員(yuan)(yuan)。包括:(1)縣(xian)級(ji)以(yi)上(shang)各(ge)級(ji)人(ren)(ren)民(min)代(dai)(dai)表大(da)(da)會常務委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)會領導人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan),鄉、鎮人(ren)(ren)民(min)代(dai)(dai)表大(da)(da)會主席、副主席;(2)縣(xian)級(ji)以(yi)上(shang)各(ge)級(ji)人(ren)(ren)民(min)代(dai)(dai)表大(da)(da)會常務委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)會工作(zuo)機(ji)構和辦事機(ji)構的工作(zuo)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan);(3)各(ge)級(ji)人(ren)(ren)民(min)代(dai)(dai)表大(da)(da)會專門(men)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)會辦事機(ji)構的工作(zuo)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)。
3.人(ren)民(min)政府(fu)公務(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。包括:(1)各級人(ren)民(min)政府(fu)的領導(dao)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan);(2)縣級以上各級人(ren)民(min)政府(fu)工作部門和派出(chu)機構的工作人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan);(3)鄉、鎮人(ren)民(min)政府(fu)機關的工作人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。
4.監察委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)會公務員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。包括(kuo):(1)各級監察委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)會的(de)組成人員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan);(2)各級監察委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)會內設機(ji)構和(he)派出(chu)監察機(ji)構的(de)工作(zuo)人員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),派出(chu)的(de)監察專員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)等。
5.人(ren)民(min)法院(yuan)公務員(yuan)。包(bao)括(kuo):(1)最高(gao)人(ren)民(min)法院(yuan)和地方各(ge)(ge)級(ji)人(ren)民(min)法院(yuan)的法官、審判輔(fu)助人(ren)員(yuan);(2)最高(gao)人(ren)民(min)法院(yuan)和地方各(ge)(ge)級(ji)人(ren)民(min)法院(yuan)的司法行(xing)政人(ren)員(yuan)等。
6.人(ren)(ren)民(min)檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)院(yuan)公(gong)務員(yuan)(yuan)。包括:(1)最高人(ren)(ren)民(min)檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)院(yuan)和地(di)方(fang)(fang)各級(ji)人(ren)(ren)民(min)檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)院(yuan)的檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)官、檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)輔助人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan);(2)最高人(ren)(ren)民(min)檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)院(yuan)和地(di)方(fang)(fang)各級(ji)人(ren)(ren)民(min)檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)院(yuan)的司法行政(zheng)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)等。
7.中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)人(ren)民(min)(min)政治協(xie)商(shang)會(hui)(hui)(hui)議各級委(wei)員(yuan)會(hui)(hui)(hui)機關公務(wu)員(yuan)。包括(kuo):(1)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)人(ren)民(min)(min)政治協(xie)商(shang)會(hui)(hui)(hui)議各級委(wei)員(yuan)會(hui)(hui)(hui)的領導(dao)人(ren)員(yuan);(2)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)人(ren)民(min)(min)政治協(xie)商(shang)會(hui)(hui)(hui)議各級委(wei)員(yuan)會(hui)(hui)(hui)工(gong)(gong)作機構的工(gong)(gong)作人(ren)員(yuan)。
8.民(min)(min)(min)主黨(dang)派機關(guan)和工(gong)(gong)商業(ye)聯合(he)會(hui)機關(guan)公務(wu)員(yuan)。包括中(zhong)(zhong)國國民(min)(min)(min)黨(dang)革命(ming)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)會(hui)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)和地(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)各(ge)(ge)(ge)級(ji)(ji)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)會(hui),中(zhong)(zhong)國民(min)(min)(min)主同盟中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)和地(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)各(ge)(ge)(ge)級(ji)(ji)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)會(hui),中(zhong)(zhong)國民(min)(min)(min)主建國會(hui)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)和地(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)各(ge)(ge)(ge)級(ji)(ji)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)會(hui),中(zhong)(zhong)國民(min)(min)(min)主促進(jin)會(hui)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)和地(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)各(ge)(ge)(ge)級(ji)(ji)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)會(hui),中(zhong)(zhong)國農工(gong)(gong)民(min)(min)(min)主黨(dang)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)和地(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)各(ge)(ge)(ge)級(ji)(ji)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)會(hui),中(zhong)(zhong)國致公黨(dang)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)和地(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)各(ge)(ge)(ge)級(ji)(ji)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)會(hui),九(jiu)三學社(she)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)和地(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)各(ge)(ge)(ge)級(ji)(ji)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)會(hui),臺(tai)灣民(min)(min)(min)主自(zi)治同盟中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)和地(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)各(ge)(ge)(ge)級(ji)(ji)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)會(hui)的(de)公務(wu)員(yuan),以(yi)及中(zhong)(zhong)華全國工(gong)(gong)商業(ye)聯合(he)會(hui)和地(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)各(ge)(ge)(ge)級(ji)(ji)工(gong)(gong)商聯等(deng)單(dan)位的(de)公務(wu)員(yuan)。
公(gong)(gong)務(wu)員(yuan)身份的(de)確定,有(you)一(yi)套嚴格的(de)法定程(cheng)序,只有(you)經過有(you)關機關審核、審批及備(bei)案等(deng)程(cheng)序,登記、錄用(yong)或者調任(ren)為公(gong)(gong)務(wu)員(yuan)后(hou),方(fang)可確定為公(gong)(gong)務(wu)員(yuan)。
參照(zhao)《中(zhong)(zhong)華人(ren)民共(gong)和國公(gong)務(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)法(fa)(fa)》管(guan)(guan)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),是(shi)指根據公(gong)務(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)法(fa)(fa)規(gui)定,法(fa)(fa)律、法(fa)(fa)規(gui)授權的(de)(de)(de)具有公(gong)共(gong)事務(wu)(wu)管(guan)(guan)理(li)職(zhi)能的(de)(de)(de)事業單位中(zhong)(zhong)除工(gong)勤人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)以(yi)外的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),經批準參照(zhao)公(gong)務(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)法(fa)(fa)進行(xing)管(guan)(guan)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。比如,中(zhong)(zhong)國證券(quan)監督管(guan)(guan)理(li)委員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)會,就是(shi)參照(zhao)公(gong)務(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)法(fa)(fa)管(guan)(guan)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)事業單位。列入參照(zhao)公(gong)務(wu)(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)法(fa)(fa)管(guan)(guan)理(li)范圍,應當嚴格(ge)按照(zhao)規(gui)定的(de)(de)(de)條(tiao)件、程(cheng)序和權限進行(xing)審批。
二是法律、法規授權或者受國家機關依法委托管理公共事務的組織中從事公務的人員。
本條(tiao)第二項(xiang)規(gui)定的(de)是法(fa)(fa)律、法(fa)(fa)規(gui)授權或者受(shou)國家機(ji)關(guan)依(yi)法(fa)(fa)委托管理(li)公(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)事(shi)務的(de)組織中(zhong)從事(shi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)務的(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan),這(zhe)主(zhu)要是指除(chu)參公(gong)(gong)(gong)管理(li)以外的(de)其(qi)他管理(li)公(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)事(shi)務的(de)事(shi)業單位,比如疾控(kong)中(zhong)心等的(de)工作(zuo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)。在我(wo)國,事(shi)業單位人(ren)(ren)(ren)數多,分布廣,由于歷(li)史和國情等原因,在一些(xie)地(di)方(fang)和領域,法(fa)(fa)律、法(fa)(fa)規(gui)授權或者受(shou)國家機(ji)關(guan)依(yi)法(fa)(fa)委托管理(li)公(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)事(shi)務的(de)事(shi)業單位工作(zuo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan),其(qi)數量(liang)(liang)甚至大于公(gong)(gong)(gong)務員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)數量(liang)(liang)。由于這(zhe)些(xie)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)也(ye)行使公(gong)(gong)(gong)權力,為實現國家監(jian)(jian)察全覆蓋,有必(bi)要將其(qi)納入監(jian)(jian)察對象(xiang)范圍(wei),由監(jian)(jian)察機(ji)關(guan)對其(qi)監(jian)(jian)督、調查、處置。
三是國有企業管理人員。
本條第三項規(gui)定(ding)的(de)是國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管理(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。根據(ju)有(you)(you)關(guan)規(gui)定(ding)和(he)(he)(he)實踐需(xu)要(yao),作為監(jian)察對象的(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管理(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),主(zhu)要(yao)是國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)獨資(zi)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)控股(gu)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(含國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)獨資(zi)金(jin)融(rong)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)(he)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)控股(gu)金(jin)融(rong)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye))及其分支機構的(de)領(ling)導班(ban)子成員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),包(bao)括設董(dong)(dong)(dong)事(shi)會的(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)由國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)股(gu)權代表出(chu)任(ren)的(de)董(dong)(dong)(dong)事(shi)長(chang)(chang)、副(fu)(fu)董(dong)(dong)(dong)事(shi)長(chang)(chang)、董(dong)(dong)(dong)事(shi),總經(jing)理(li)(li)、副(fu)(fu)總經(jing)理(li)(li),黨(dang)委書(shu)(shu)記、副(fu)(fu)書(shu)(shu)記、紀委書(shu)(shu)記,工會主(zhu)席(xi)等(deng);未設董(dong)(dong)(dong)事(shi)會的(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)總經(jing)理(li)(li)(總裁(cai)(cai))、副(fu)(fu)總經(jing)理(li)(li)(副(fu)(fu)總裁(cai)(cai)),黨(dang)委書(shu)(shu)記、副(fu)(fu)書(shu)(shu)記、紀委書(shu)(shu)記,工會主(zhu)席(xi)等(deng)。此外,對國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)資(zi)產(chan)負有(you)(you)經(jing)營管理(li)(li)責任(ren)的(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)層和(he)(he)(he)基層管理(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),包(bao)括部門(men)經(jing)理(li)(li)、部門(men)副(fu)(fu)經(jing)理(li)(li)、總監(jian)、副(fu)(fu)總監(jian)、車間負責人(ren)(ren)等(deng);在管理(li)(li)、監(jian)督國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)財產(chan)等(deng)重要(yao)崗位上工作的(de)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),包(bao)括會計(ji)、出(chu)納人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)等(deng);國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)所屬事(shi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)單位領(ling)導人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)資(zi)本參股(gu)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)(he)金(jin)融(rong)機構中(zhong)(zhong)對國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)資(zi)產(chan)負有(you)(you)經(jing)營管理(li)(li)責任(ren)的(de)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),也應當理(li)(li)解為國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管理(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)范疇,涉(she)嫌職務違法(fa)和(he)(he)(he)職務犯罪的(de),監(jian)察機關(guan)可以依法(fa)調查(cha)。
四是公辦的教育、科研、文化、醫療衛生、體育等單位中從事管理的人員。
本條第四(si)項(xiang)規定的(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)公(gong)(gong)辦(ban)教(jiao)科(ke)文(wen)衛體(ti)單位(wei)管(guan)理人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)。作為(wei)監察(cha)對象(xiang)的(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)辦(ban)的(de)(de)教(jiao)育、科(ke)研、文(wen)化、醫療(liao)衛生、體(ti)育等單位(wei)中(zhong)從事管(guan)理的(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan),主要是(shi)(shi)該(gai)單位(wei)及(ji)其分支機(ji)構的(de)(de)領導(dao)班子(zi)成員(yuan)(yuan),以(yi)及(ji)該(gai)單位(wei)及(ji)其分支機(ji)構中(zhong)的(de)(de)國家工(gong)作人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan),比如(ru),公(gong)(gong)辦(ban)學校的(de)(de)校長(chang)、副(fu)(fu)校長(chang),科(ke)研院(yuan)所(suo)的(de)(de)院(yuan)長(chang)、所(suo)長(chang),公(gong)(gong)立醫院(yuan)的(de)(de)院(yuan)長(chang)、副(fu)(fu)院(yuan)長(chang)等。
公(gong)辦(ban)教育(yu)(yu)、科研、文化、醫(yi)療衛(wei)生(sheng)、體育(yu)(yu)等單位(wei)及(ji)其分支機(ji)構中(zhong)層和(he)基(ji)層管(guan)理人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan),包括(kuo)管(guan)理崗(gang)六級以(yi)上職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)員(yuan)(yuan),從事(shi)(shi)與職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)權相聯(lian)系的(de)(de)管(guan)理事(shi)(shi)務(wu)的(de)(de)其他職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)員(yuan)(yuan);在管(guan)理、監(jian)督國有財產等重要崗(gang)位(wei)上工作(zuo)的(de)(de)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan),包括(kuo)會計(ji)、出納人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan),采(cai)購(gou)、基(ji)建部門人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)涉嫌職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)務(wu)違(wei)法(fa)(fa)和(he)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)務(wu)犯(fan)罪,監(jian)察機(ji)關可以(yi)依(yi)法(fa)(fa)調(diao)查。此外(wai),臨時從事(shi)(shi)與職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)權相聯(lian)系的(de)(de)管(guan)理事(shi)(shi)務(wu),包括(kuo)依(yi)法(fa)(fa)組(zu)(zu)建的(de)(de)評(ping)標(biao)(biao)委員(yuan)(yuan)會、競爭(zheng)性談判采(cai)購(gou)中(zhong)談判小組(zu)(zu)、詢價采(cai)購(gou)中(zhong)詢價小組(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)組(zu)(zu)成人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan),在招標(biao)(biao)、政(zheng)府(fu)采(cai)購(gou)等事(shi)(shi)項的(de)(de)評(ping)標(biao)(biao)或者采(cai)購(gou)活動中(zhong),利用職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)權實施的(de)(de)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)務(wu)違(wei)法(fa)(fa)和(he)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)務(wu)犯(fan)罪行為,監(jian)察機(ji)關也可以(yi)依(yi)法(fa)(fa)調(diao)查。
五是基層群眾性自治組織中從事管理的人員。
本條第(di)五項規定的(de)(de)(de)是基(ji)層(ceng)群(qun)眾(zhong)性(xing)自治組(zu)織中(zhong)從事(shi)(shi)管(guan)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)員(yuan)。作為監察對象的(de)(de)(de)基(ji)層(ceng)群(qun)眾(zhong)性(xing)自治組(zu)織中(zhong)從事(shi)(shi)管(guan)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)員(yuan),包括村民(min)委(wei)員(yuan)會、居民(min)委(wei)員(yuan)會的(de)(de)(de)主任、副主任和委(wei)員(yuan),以及其(qi)他受委(wei)托從事(shi)(shi)管(guan)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)員(yuan)。根(gen)據(ju)有關法律和立法解釋,這里的(de)(de)(de)“從事(shi)(shi)管(guan)理(li)(li)”,主要(yao)是指:(1)救災、搶險、防汛(xun)、優撫(fu)、扶貧、移(yi)民(min)、救濟款(kuan)物的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)理(li)(li);(2)社會捐助公益事(shi)(shi)業款(kuan)物的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)理(li)(li);(3)國(guo)有土(tu)地的(de)(de)(de)經營(ying)和管(guan)理(li)(li);(4)土(tu)地征(zheng)用補(bu)償費用的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)理(li)(li);(5)代(dai)征(zheng)、代(dai)繳稅款(kuan);(6)有關計劃生育、戶籍、征(zheng)兵工(gong)作;(7)協(xie)助人(ren)民(min)政府(fu)等國(guo)家機關在基(ji)層(ceng)群(qun)眾(zhong)性(xing)自治組(zu)織中(zhong)從事(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)其(qi)他管(guan)理(li)(li)工(gong)作。
六是其他依法履行公職的人員。
本條(tiao)第六(liu)項是(shi)(shi)(shi)兜底條(tiao)款(kuan)。為(wei)了防止(zhi)出現對(dui)監察對(dui)象列舉不全的(de)情況,避免掛一(yi)漏萬,監察法設定(ding)了這個(ge)兜底條(tiao)款(kuan)。但(dan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)對(dui)于“其(qi)他依(yi)法履行公(gong)職的(de)人員”不能無限制地擴(kuo)大解釋,判斷一(yi)個(ge)“履行公(gong)職的(de)人員”是(shi)(shi)(shi)否屬于監察對(dui)象的(de)標準,主要是(shi)(shi)(shi)其(qi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)否行使公(gong)權力(li),所涉嫌的(de)職務(wu)違法或者職務(wu)犯罪是(shi)(shi)(shi)否損害(hai)了公(gong)權力(li)的(de)廉潔(jie)性。
需(xu)要注意(yi)的(de)是,公辦的(de)教育(yu)、科研、文化(hua)、醫(yi)療衛生、體育(yu)等單位中具體哪(na)些人員屬于從事管理的(de)人員,需(xu)要隨著(zhu)實踐的(de)發展,不(bu)斷完善。
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